Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia

Biography
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich with three of his brothers (from left to right): Alexander, Alexis, Nicholas and Vladimir Tsarevich
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Romanov of Russia was born in St. Petersburg January 14, 1850 (January 4 OS). He was the son of Emperor Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. He was the younger brother of Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna Tsarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Alexander III of Russia, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich Russia and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia and was a big brother Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia and Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich.
Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was destined for a career in the Navy since his childhood. At the age of seven years, received the rank of midshipman. The following year was appointed Konstantin Nikolayevich Posyet guardian. Although the winters were devoted to theoretical studies in the summers he has been trained in warships of the Russian Baltic fleet based in St. Petersburg port. The training was hard, but gave him the chance to get used to craft different
In 1860, the yacht for a cruise to Livada disambiguation Shtandart Peterhof [Edit]
18611863 Zabava the yacht under the flag of Admiral Posyet cons in the Gulf of Finland and Gulf of Bothnia
In 1864, the frigate Svetlana in the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Sea
In 1866, the frigate Oslyabya during a cruise of the islands of Azores extensive training.
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich in his youth
The September 18, 1866 the Grand Duke Alexei was promoted to lieutenant. He continued his career in the Navy as an officer aboard the frigate Alexander Nevsky on a cruise in the Mediterranean Sea to Piraeus, where he attended the wedding of his cousin Olga Konstantinovna.
In 1868, he traveled to southern Russia to travel by train from St. Petersburg to disambiguation Nikolaevsk [Required], and continuing through the Volga Boat to Astrakhan. Then he embarked on a warship from a cruise on the Caspian Sea to Baku, [Petrovna (now Makhachkala) then to Iran. Then he crossed the Caucasus and reached Poti, where Alexander Nevsky was moored. From there he sailed to Constantinople, Athens Azores Islands and the return voyage, the frigate was involved in a shipwreck off the coast of Jutland, during a storm in the North Sea. Although the ship was lost, the crew including Alexei Alexandrovich was free and could safely reach the shore.
Alexei Alexandrovich In January 1870 came of age in accordance with the law Russian. The event was marked by taking two oaths: one military and the oath of allegiance of the Grand Duchy of the Russian Imperial House. In June 1870 Alexei Alexandrovich began last part of their training. This included navigating a cut with a steam engine on the road to St. Petersburg to Arkhangelsk in the system Mariinsk Canal and River Northern Dvina. After visiting schools and industrial facilities Arkhangelsk, began shipping its formation in arctic conditions on board the corvette Varyag. The cruise took him to the Solovetsky Islands, through the White Sea and Barents Sea to Novaya Zemlya. The road continued in the Kola Bay and the city of Murmansk, in the ports of northern Norway and Iceland. He returned to Kronstadt at the end of September.
Zhukovskaya love with Alexandra
Alexandra Zhukovskaya
In 1869/1870, Alexei had an affair with Alejandra Zhukovskaya, daughter of the poet Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky, who was eight years his senior. They were the parents of a son, Alexis, 26 November 1871. Tsar Alexander II was very opposed to this relationship.
Some historians claim that morganatic marriage and that marriage was annulled by the Russian Orthodox Church because that according to "The fundamental laws of the imperial household, the marriage was illegal. However, sections 183 and 188, which prohibits marriages without consent provided the emperor, were included in the basic laws that the review in 1887 under Tsar Alexander III. The rules in force in 1870 has mornaganatic not prohibit marriage but simply excluded from their children for succession to the throne. There is no evidence either marriage or divorce. The evidence also shows that the Grand Duke has even asked for permission to marry. As Alexandra Zhukovskaya was not an aristocrat and elsewhere, the daughter of an illegitimate son of a Russian landowner and a Turkish slave, the marriage would have been unthinkable.
Angered by the union his son, Alexander II refused even to grant a title Zhukovskaya Alexandra, who officially acknowledged paternity of the Grand Duke, although illegitimate. Another European courts have also refused to grant a title. As a last resort, March 25th, 1875 Alexandra was able to get the title of Baroness Seggiano the Republic of San Marino, with the right to transfer title to his son Alexis and his first-born male descendants. Only in 1883, Alexander III, brother of Grand Duke awarded the title of Baron Seggiano Belevsky county, and in 1893 adopted its image.
U.S. Tour
Edge the frigate Svetlana
U.S. Travel
After the visit to St. Petersburg for an American fleet commanded by Admiral David Farragut in 1867, a high-level visit of the Russian Navy has been considered by the Russian government. After lengthy negotiations, it was decided The Russian delegation is headed by Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich. The official announcement of the visit took place 29 June 1871 by Nikolay Karlovich Krabbe Minister of the Russian fleet.
The Russian fleet, commanded by Admiral Konstantin Nikolayevich Posyet Bogalye including frigates frigate Svetlana General Admiral, Commander abreks Ignatiev and the gunboat. The Grand Duke served as a lieutenant on board Svetlana. Before coming to the United States, the Russian fleet should be supported by the frigate Vsadnik Russian Pacific Fleet. While all ships were equipped with steam engines, the squad made the trip to the United States primarily for navigate, to avoid the port en route for coal shipments. Except for the Grand Duke personal staff, the crew that included 200 officers and sailors 3000. The fleet sailed from Kronstadt, August 20, 1871.
The squadron was first arrested in Copenhagen, where the Grand Duke paid a visit to King Christian IX of Denmark. In the English Channel, the Russians were greeted by a squadron of the Royal Navy escorted to Plymouth, where the Grand Duke was greeted by the Duke of Edinburgh Alfred of Saxe-Coburg. A visit to Balmoral Castle was expected but was canceled because the prince of Wales was very sick and very worried about Queen Victoria. The Russian fleet sailed from Plymouth on 26 September. and, en route to New York, stopped for a few days in Funchal (Madeira), leaving Oct 09.
The Russian fleet has been organized by an American squadron to Vice Admiral Admiral Stephen Clegg Rowan Port of New York hoist its flag on the frigate Congress. Admiral Samuel Phillips Lee, commander of the Atlantic Squadron North participated in its own flagship, the Severn. Other ships of the squadron were the Iroquois and Kansas, the presence of several tugboats.
A welcoming committee had formed in New York, chaired by William Henry Aspinwall. Among the members of the committee were Moses H. Grinnell, General Irwin McDowell, Theodore Roosevelt, Mr. Admiral cons SW Godon, John Taylor Johnston, Albert Bierstadt, Lloyd Aspinwall, and others. After a brief delay due to bad weather, the Russian fleet anchored in the port of New York November 21, 1871, when Grand Duke was organized by General John Adams Dix. A military parade was held in the city. The Grand Duke then attended a service of thanksgiving Russian Chapel.
Reception by President Grant
On 22 November, the Grand Duke went to Washington by special train, made available by the iron and New Jersey road Transportation Company. The train had three cars: the Commissioner, with all the improvements of a modern hotel, including storerooms and pantries, the "Ruby" dining car for 28 people, with kitchen, refrigerator, and a kind of warehouse, and "The Kearsarge used as sitting, sleeping and reading room.
On 23 November, Grand Duke was greeted by President Ulysses S. President Grant's wife Julia and daughter Nellie Grant Grant also attended. Most cabinet members were present at the meeting: U.S. Fish Hamilton Secretary State, Columbus, United States Secretary of the Interior Delano with his wife, Amos Tappan Akerman United States Attorney General, with his wife, George S. Boutwell U.S. Treasury Secretary, George Maxwell Robeson United States Secretary of the Navy, General Frederick Tracy Dent (the President's brother and secretary law military), John Creswell Post General of the United States and goalkeeper General Horacio E. Orville Babcock.
The Grand Duke came to 13 hours with Katakazi Minister, Admiral Posyet and other members of his entourage. The President and Cabinet members received them at the blue room where the presentations made. The Chairman then accompanied the great Duke in the red room, where he was introduced to the ladies. The interview lasted fifteen minutes, after which the Grand Duke left.
The visit has been overshadowed in Washington by grant the president the discontent caused by the Russian government's refusal to recall Katacazi Konstantin, Minister Plenipotentiary of Russia to the United States. The visit lasted only Washington every day. No notice was given entertainment to Washington for the Grand Duke, but in all views of other members of royal families in the White House Dinner gala was held. These dinners have been held when President John Tyler was Francois d'Orleans, Prince de Joinville, where Abraham Lincoln was Prince Joseph Napoleon Bonaparte and even when Ulysses Grant was Kamehameha V, King of the Sandwich Islands. The night's White House visit Grand Duke and his entourage dined with the Minister of residence Katakazi, the only U.S. official General Porter to attend. Upon his release, the Grand Duke asked if he intended to return Washington. While expressing interest in returning in a session of Congress, Foreign Minister Diplomatic uncomfortable due Katakazi prevented this from happening. Also there were expectations that a treaty of alliance between the U.S. military relationship and Russia will be signed during the meeting, but this was not true.
Next day the Grand Duke took the train to Annapolis where he visited the Naval Academy, then returned to New York.
Farragut in the shrouds of the Hartford at the battle of Mobile Bayr Print> after painting by William Page, presented to Grand Duke Alexei as a gift to Tsar Alexander II
Costa del Este
In New York, the Grand Duke visited the Brooklyn Navy Yard, Fort Wadsworth and the fortifications on Governors Island. He also reviewed the Fire Department in Tompkins Square. A highlight was the boat trip on the Hudson to visit the United States Military Academy at West Point.
Several balls were held in his honor, the most important big dances in the courtyard of the Navy and the Academy Music. Alexei also attended performances of the opera Faust and Mignon Academy of Music. It was also in a buying spree, stop at the AT Stewart and Tiffany stores where they bought jewelry and bronze statues.
On December 2, 1871, a ceremony was held at the National Academy of Design, where the Grand Duke was greeted by Samuel FB Morse, William Stoddard, William Page, Albert Bierstadt and other artists. The painting Farragut in the shrouds of the Hartford at the battle of Mobile Bay was presented by William Page Grand Duke Alexei as a gift from the citizens of New York for Tsar Alexander II. Gen. John Adams Dix presented the picture accompanying the shift, with a short speech in which he expressed the hope that it would cement the union that existed between the U.S. and Russia. The painting was placed on the flag of Russia on board for transportation to Russia.
On December 3, 1871, Grand Duke Alexei went to Philadelphia, where he was received by General George G. Meade and Admiral Turner. Visited Girard College, Baird Locomotive Works and the Navy Yard. He particularly interested in horticulture Fair Methodist Hall, where the ladies presented him with an Afghan hound. .
Only from 7 to 14 December, Grand Duke Alexei arrested in Boston, Massachusetts, where he stayed at the home of Paul Revere. The baby carriage with a horse of President Lincoln during his visit Boston, has been prepared for the Grand Duke. He was officially received at City Hall and the State House. During his stay, the Grand Duke visited Harvard University and the suburbs Cambridge, Massachusetts, and several public schools in the Boston area, is knowledgeable about the U.S. educational system. Other highlights were the field Battle of Bunker Hill and the visit to the shipyards of Charlestown, Massachusetts.
The Grand Duke also attended a music festival in 1200 high school children choir, composed. During the festival, a grand welcome in March, specially composed by Julius Eichberg and is dedicated to His Imperial Highness was presented
A dance in honor the Grand Duke was held in the Theatre of Boston. The audit of expenditure shows that the cost of the bullet was $ 14,678.58 (equivalent to $ 750,000 today), only $ 8916.29 will be covered by ticket sales and other income
Canada Detour
On 17 December, the Grand Duke took the train in Canada. He was detained for the first time in Montreal, where he had breakfast with the mayor of the city, then visit Lachine, Quebec, went through Ottawa and Toronto, and finally to Clifton Hill (Niagara Falls), December 22, 1871 by the Great Western Railway. En route, the train stopped in Hamilton, Ontario, where he received a telegram from the Queen Victoria, Wales notifying him that the prince had recovered from his illness. Clifton Hill, the left side of sleds for a visit to Niagara Falls. After having dressed as oil to the skin of fishermen at sea, the party also went under the falls. The Grand Duke crossed the Niagara River during the suspension new bridge party then visited the U.S. fall.
The daily cartoon bison hunting Gran Duque
Visit Midwest
On 23 December, the Grand Duke Alexis went by train from Buffalo, New York, where he spent Christmas. On Christmas day, went to the opera to see the British Parepa Rosa Opera Company. After the show, which sent the soprano Rosa Eufrosina Parepa bracelet studded with turquoise and diamonds. On 26 December, the Grand Duke came to Cleveland, visited factories iron and other plants in Newburgh Heights, Ohio. Then reviewed the Cleveland Fire Department and visited the National Inventors Exposition. He was later arrested in Detroit en route to Chicago, where he arrived December 30. The city was recovering from the fire. José Medwill, the mayor of Chicago to the Grand Duke had written:
"We exihibit DBRIS little but ruins of a large and beautiful and courageous face of adversity to alleviate their overwhelming problems. "
The Grand Duke visited the destroyed part City and was impressed by the pace of reconstruction. He gave $ 5,000 (equivalent to $ 250,000 today) in gold for the Homeless Chicago, Illinois. As an irony, the same day the Grand Duke Alexis came to Chicago, a special grand jury indicted thirteen members of the Joint City Council disambiguation [Edit] on charges of corruption. The Grand Duke Alexis pens and also visited a processing plant for pork.
As the Tremont House Hotel has burnt earth, the Grand Duke was greeted at the new home of Tremont, which opened on Michigan Avenue, where he received the "Freedom of the city." Day General Philip Sheridan Year began in the American custom of making New Year "invites the ladies." 2-in-4 in Grand Duke Alexei visited Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and January 5, came to St. Louis, Missouri, where he remained for over a week.
In St. Louis, Grand Duke Alexis attended a burlesque show, where Buebeard Lydia Thompson, an actress of 36 years, singing a song "If I ever stop loving." They say the Grand Duke was fascinated by both the actress and singer. Supposedly, she has sung the Duke's private number for an appointment. Lydia Thompson was not the only woman to attract the attention of the Duke, while in San Luis, Alexei became a lover of all their dance partners, a woman named Sallie Shannon Lawrence, Kansas.
Finally, on January 12 came to Omaha, Nebraska
Grand Royal Bison
color print by Louis Maurer (1895)
Hunting trips
Preparations for the game have been expanded and took out under the command of General Joel Palmer. Two companies of infantry in wagons, two companies of cavalry regimental band of cavalry, chivalry, Breeders of the night, messengers, cooks have been mobilized for the event.
The Grand Duke with General Philip Sheridan General Edward Ord, and General George Armstrong Custer which was subsequently elected as master of ceremonies of the game, arrived at Fort McPherson January 13, 1872, by a special train provided by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. They were greeted by an enthusiastic crowd, head for William Frederick Cody (Buffalo Bill is known). After the speeches, the Duke went to the hunting grounds.
The Duke and Sheridan General riding in an open carriage drawn by four horses. William Frederick Cody accompanied the party with five ambulances, one light carriage of luggage, three cars of champagne and liquor Real "and fifteen to twenty horses extra chair. A relay of horses was created in Medicine Creek, halfway between the camp, where the group stops to lunch. The journey that followed, "Alexis Camp" in the Red Willow Creek. The two Cavalry Group is up and listen, "Hail to the Chief "was played in the Grand Duke arrived. The entire trip covered about 50 miles and lasted about eight hours.
Camp consisted of two hospital shops (Used as a dining tent), tents ten wall tents for officers and soldiers. Three tents have been hit the wall and the Grand Duke was lined with Oriental rugs. Box cookers and stoves have been supplied for Sibley tents.
Cody had discussed the shooting with Spotted Tail, Brul Lakota chief, who had agreed to meet with the boss' big through the waters which came to visit him. "Approximately 600 soldiers from different tribes Sioux, led by Spotted Tail, War Bonnet, Black Hat, Red Leaf, Whistler and Pawnee Killer, gathered in the commends Grand Duke hunting camp. They had had ten thousand rations of flour, sugar, coffee, and 1,000 pounds of snuff of his sentence – twenty-five cars in total.
Early in the game Spotted Tail, dressed in a suit that fits with a military belt upside down and look extremely delicate was presented to Grand Duke. Then, the Indian chief raised his hand and welcomed the Grand Duke the usual "how."
For the fun of the Indians were riding Alexei exercises, throwing and archery. Then there was a mock battle showing the Indian way of war, closing with a great ball of war. It said the Grand Duke Alexei considerable attention to a pretty girl from the Indians. Fearing that her mother, Empress Maria Alexandrovna could receive the reports of his dalliances, he wrote from San Luis: "As for my success with American women is much talk about writing in newspapers, I can say openly that this is completely absurd. They looked at me from the beginning as they would look like a wild animal, like a beast crocodile or otherwise unusual. .
However, a dispute broke out when General Custer, probably after drinking too much Champagne, made crude overtures stained Tail is pretty daughter 16 years of age. Alexei was able to calm the fight with the donations of red and green blankets, hunting knives, ivory handle and a large bag of silver dollars. A council official has been held in dozens Sheridan and a peace pipe was passed around. Spotted Tail took the opportunity to press their demand for the right to South Platte River to hunt freely for more than a store where the trade.
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich kill a buffalo with a handgun January 15, 1872
Buffalo Hunting
The hunt took place in the 22nd birthday of the Grand Duke, January 14, 1872. For the Duke game with a jacket and trousers of heavy gray cloth, trimmed with green buttons with Russian imperial coat of arms. He wore his pants shoes European Community, it was weird that their American hosts. Alexei was a Russian and a knife American gun hunting, with coats of arms of the United States and Russia in the handle, which had recently received as a gift. The hunting party approached bison herd several miles to the Red Willow Creek. The Grand Duke William Cody Buffalo famous riding a horse "Buckskin Joe", who had been trained to drive at full gallop to the purpose for which the best choice could be made. Once a herd of buffalo was seen about two miles away, Alexei wanted to make a charge, but was hampered by William Cody. The party moved to the wind and slowly approached the herd. In a hundred yards of the buffalo to the race, the Grand Duke, not usually shoot from a horse at full gallop, fired, but missed. Cody nearly Alexei, he gave his famous Calibre 48 rifle, "Lucretia" one with which claimed to have killed 4,200 buffalo and advised him not to shoot until it's on the side of the buffalo. When Alexei tried again, he knocked their play dead buffalo hide was carefully removed and dress, the Grand Duke took as a souvenir of their hunting in the western plains. Twenty to thirty animals were sacrificed on the first day of hunting. The party returns to the start of camp, where there was a liberal supply of champagne and other drinks, and the evening passed in a edge of style.
The next morning, Spotted Tail asked him hunting next two Lance, chief of the tribe of the Lakota Sioux, so you can see a demo of how the hunt for India. Reaching herd of buffalo, two Lance demonstrated his talent in the killing of a large animal with an arrow passed completely into the body of the buffalo underway. Arrow has been preserved and handed over to Alexis. The Grand Duke killed two buffalo, one in 100 steps with a gun.
After the game, returning to Fort McPherson, Gen. William Cody Sheridan suggested that taking the reins and show the old style of driving Alexei step in the plains with horses at a gallop. The ambulance limited heavy rough on the prairie, while the occupants could hardly keep their seats. The Grand Duke Alexei was pleased with his hunting trip. When Cody was separated and Fort McPherson, Cody presented with an expensive fur coat and cuff links.
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich and General George Armstrong Custer in Topeka, at the end of the buffalo hunt
From there, the train went to Denver, where the Grand Duke arrived on 17 January. While in Denver, attended a dance sponsored by the pioneer of Honor Club visited some mines. Alexei apparently loved the new game he had just learned to hunt bison and again near Colorado Springs, his round trip from Denver to Kansas to St. Louis. However, horses used for hunting in eastern Colorado were cavalry mounted and unused Buffalo and several hunters were injured during the resulting confusion. Alexei was unhurt and managed to kill as many as 25 buffaloes. Even took a small train on the track in western Kansas to Topeka, which was held on 22 January. It is said that when they arrived San Luis, the partial supply of caviar and champagne have been exhausted.
General Custer has become one of the best friends of the duke. He accompanied the Duke and his entourage, Kansas, St. Louis, New Orleans, and finally to Florida. They continued to correspond with each other until the death of Custer.
In the U.S., hunting is known as "The Great Royal Buffalo Hunt ". Since 2000, Hayes Center, Nebraska organizes each year, the Grand Duke Alexis Rendezvous" with a reconstruction of the buffalo hunt.
The Grand Duke Alexei received a gift of a senior Indian Wigman Spotted Tail and a bow and arrows. The Grand Duke has returned to St. Petersburg. It is now preserved in the Museum Tver. In memory of his adventures in America, the Grand Duke organizes every year a special animation. The players arrived at a tent city in vintage cars Horse extracting the vehicles. The Lake Palace, there was "Indian canoes. Men with swords and axes dancing with old women dressed in long skirts. The performance is that to give a picture of the presence of the old American West.
Southern U.S.
In San Luis, the Grand Duke has a brief visit to Cincinnati, Ohio 26 Jan. 28 January left by train to Louisville, Kentucky, where he visited Mammoth Cave continued their journey by boat, February 02, 1872 in Memphis Tennessee arrived on board of the Great Republic. After visit the city that left February 8 aboard James Howard After stopping in Vicksburg, finally arrived in New Orleans
Rex Parade Poster 1872
Visit New Orleans
In New Orleans Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich attended the Mardi Gras 1872, where he was guest of honor for review Rex's inaugural parade.
There are many legends associated with the visit of Grand Duke to New Orleans. Although it has been argued that local business leaders planned the first Day parade in honor of Grand Duke but this was not true. New Orleans struggled to recover from the aftermath of civil war. At the same time, city leaders saw the need for order in the parades the chaotic streets of Mardi Gras. They had planned to parade around and have the opportunity to capitalize on the visit of Grand Duke. A notable new fraternity was formed, calling itself School of Design and its leader must be Rex (the organization now known as the Rex Organization). The group of young men who founded the Rex Organization hopes not only to entertain the Grand Duke, but also to create a parade during the day, it would be interesting and fun for the citizens of the city and its guests. They chose one of its members, Lewis J. Solomon, the fundraising organization for the first Rex, King of Carnival. Before he could begin his reign, had to borrow a crown, scepter, and robe of Lawrence Barrett, a distinguished Shakespearean actor has been the scene of Richard III at the Teatro de Variedades.
Meanwhile, Lydia Thompson tower had come to New Orleans and the burlesque of Bluebeard has been held at the Music Academy of St. Charles Avenue. Rumors of the courtyard between the Grand Duke and the actress had arrived in New Orleans and were amplified in particular to ensure a sellout. The duke had already seen the show and did not appear, leaving the Jockey Club. In addition, the Grand Duke preferences had changed and was impressed by the diminutive actress Lotta Crabtree was one of the leading roles in the play detective. Although the meeting was brief, Alexis sent a diamond bracelet, opal and pearls in Memphis, your next step after New Orleans.
The Duke attended the parade of Rex. By the legend, the song "If I ever stop loving," was chosen as the anthem of the Rex parade because he did the music of Duke's favorite. In fact, the song Silly was written by George Leybourne and published in London in 1871. The song was very popular in New Orleans, long before the first parade in 1872, Rex. local adaptation song was probably made locally CE Hancock journalist whose newspaper had published a parody of the song in 1871. The lyrics have been adapted for the occasion and replaced by:
"That the Grand Duke Alexis
Tour of a buffalo in Texas
If you ever stop loving "
The Grand Duke never mounted a buffalo in Texas, but doesn rhyme Nebraska with Alexis.
He said the Grand Duke also had the honor of choosing the official colors of Mardi Gras, and following the heraldic tradition, selected purple for justice, green for faith and gold for power. The claim that these are the colors of the Romanov family, however, is incorrect.
The parade was attended the Grand Duke, it seems very little to present parades days. Rex out, is not a float and the parade that followed was made up largely informal and masks of walkers. Without But there were bands that play stopped and the Russian national anthem in honor of Grand Duke. But many traditions as the selection of Rex, King of the parade, the Rex anthem, the parade of colors back to the visit of Grand Duke.
The Russian fleet sailed from Pensacola, Florida, February 22, 1872. It is claimed that hundreds of kilos of frozen buffalo meat were carefully stored on board.
While Libbie Custer, wife of General Custer, the general thought Duke was more interested in "Pretty Girls and music" that the country crossed, Alexei spend most of their time trying to get an understanding of the countries.
Buenos Mission to Japan
The trip to the Far East
Around the first stop of the Russian fleet in Havana, Cuba, where he reached Feb. 29. At that time, Cuba was still a Spanish colony in the middle of the Ten Years' War against the insurgents, who had attempted island declare independence. Although fighting continued in the western part of the island against rebels under the command of Carlos Manuel csped, hostilities did not prevent the governor Blas Villate, Conde Valmaseda receive the Grand Duke with honors. During his stay in Havana, the balls were carried out every night. Alexei also attended the opera Crispino e COMAR and Martha in the Grand Theater of Havana where, at the beginning of the play, the opera chorus sang the national anthem of Russia. The Grand Duke also visited the work Vento Canal (now called Albear Aqueduct) to supply water to the city, saw a cockfight in the city of Marianao and a bullfight in the Plaza de Torres "La Habana. Within a few days, also visited the valley Yumurí and Matanzas
The Russian team then held in Rio de Janeiro, where he arrived June 3, 1872. The Grand Duke entertained the Emperor Pedro II of Brazil and the imperial court at the edge Svetlana. The emperor granted him the Imperial Order of Dom Pedro I. Braziliam The Grand Duke looked a little disappointed and hoped that the Imperial Order Rose, a lower order because I had never seen a more beautiful object. Pedro II and his reward was twofold. He then spent several days in Brazil, leaving June 9
Sailing to the Far East, the squadron of Cape Town, Jakarta, Singapore, Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shanghai
Telegram sent by the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich to Tsar Alexander II, which confirms Japanese emperor's visit
Japan Tour
On October 15, 1872, the cast of the Russian fleet anchorage in the port of Nagasaki, where he was received by the governor. Grand Duke's program included a gala dinner in his honor, visits to the surroundings and better fighters 60 tournament in Japan. On October 22, Alexei and his colleagues visited a small INASA town where he lived a Russian colony. The Russian delegation visited two hotels called "Kronstadt" and "Moscow" and the Russian cemetery.
The Russian squadron left Nagasaki on 24 October, the next port of call as Kobe, where the Grand Duke was welcomed back by the provincial governor. The Russians were surprised jinrikshas saw the first time. They use rickshaws for their trip to Nunobeki water is located near the city. The Grand Duke Alexei also attended a show Teatro Municipal in Kobe.
On 1 November the Russian sailing fleet Yokohama. The Grand Duke was greeted by Prince Arisugawa Taruhito the Daijō Daiji (Chancellor of the kingdom) who accompanied him to Edo Castle. In the castle he met Chief Alexei Taneomi Gaimusho Soejima (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). who arranged for housing and leisure of the Russian delegation. On 5 November, the Grand Duke was officially received by Emperor Meiji of Japan.
Emperor Meiji A portrait presented his gift to the tsar, first time a Japanese emperor's portrait was given to a stranger, and asked for a portrait Alexander II in return. The Great Prince Alexeis promised to send the picture to return St. Petersburg, and when he came on board Svetlana, sent his own portrait to thank the Mikado. The constant exchange and the next day, the emperor sent through portraits of his wife and mother.
On November 9, Alexei and the Mikado seen the parade of the Japanese armed forces, and his return to the palace, which was presented to Empress Masako. After a few days, the Mikado, at the invitation of the Grand Duke, Mikado went to Yokohama to see the Russian squadron. Following the intervention of the Grand Duke, 34 Christians Japanese were pardoned and released by the Mikado.
On November 26 the Russian squadron bound for Vladivostok to the base of the Russian Pacific Fleet, December 05 about a year and a half after leaving Kronstadt. He returned to St. Petersburg across Siberia
Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Moika in St. Petersburg Pier
Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich
After his return from America, Grand Duke Alexei was worried about a suitable residence. He bought an old building located at 122 Berge Moika river in St. Petersburg. The building has been completely redesigned and rebuilt by the architect Maximilian Messmacher with a total area of 9200 meters square is considered one of the most interesting examples of St. Petersburg eclectic architecture. Architect uses a different style for each facade. Wrought iron and about stone surrounding the palace and its gardens is also an interesting feature. The center doors are still adorned with the monogram of the Grand Duke, which means has been neglected by the Soviet authorities. In 1910, part of the gardens have been sold for the construction of a candy factory. Although the palace has been declared national monument in 1968, remained in a sorry state for many years. Today, the palace is being restored. Will open in December 2008 that the House Music.
Military career
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of the generally uniform, Russian admiral
In 1873, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was appointed at the head of the Imperial Guard vessel. He was also named to the section for shipbuilding and naval artillery of the Technical Commission of the Russian navy.
During the Russo-Turkish War (18771878), was promoted to Commander of the Russian Navy on the Danube. On January 9, 1878, was awarded the Order of Saint George fourth grade of "relentless and successful management of the naval forces and equipment June 14, 1877 for the construction and maintenance of bridges and boats crossing and Pietroani Zimnicea Nikopol and measures of success to protect those who cross the destruction by enemy forces. "
In 1880 he was promoted to lieutenant general. In 1882, after accession of Tsar Alexander III on the throne, Alexander III, Alexei has been appointed Head of the Department of the Navy, replacing the Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich. In 1883, also was appointed Chief Admiral of the Russian Imperial Navy. Although control over the daily affairs of the army is limited, Alexei is involved in naval and military planning. His influence on the Tsar gave him a powerful influence on strategic decisions.
In addition to being the leader of the fleets of Russia, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was also the head of the Marine Corps of Cadets, the regiment of the Guard Moskow, 37th Infantry Regiment Yekaterinburg Tenginsk Infantry Regiment 77-th, and the Regiment Infantry 17th anniversary of the Eastern Siberia.
As commander of the Navy Chief, the Grand Duke's main concern was the continued modernization of the fleet, taking into account the rapid technological advances. During his tenure, said an increase of five times the budget of the Navy. He was able to launch a series of pre-dreadnought battleships that were replacing old ships foolproof. Therefore, it has helped to provide the Navy with several Russian warships of various classes:
The Peresviet class, inspired by the HMS Centurion.
Borodino class, based on a French design of the shipyards of La Seyne-sur-Mer
The class is designed Yard Galerniy to Petropavlovsk, St. Petersburg,
The kind of Navarino, in the class of British warship Trafalgar
There were also more warships Imperator Aleksandr II class rebuilt by the court Fench La Seyne. He also put into service new cruisers (including the cruiser Aurora).
The Grand Duke has played a role in modernization of the Russian navy. rebuild and develop naval ports of Sevastopol, Alexander III Livada (now Liepja, Latvia) and Port Arthur, rising shipyards marina and the docks reaching Kronstadt, Vladivostok and Sevastopol. He also reorganized the navy, the definition of conditions of different naval skills, developing standards for long service award teachers of first and second, the restructuring of the Corps of Engineers and Mechanical Engineers of the Navy, the increase in number of officers and crew.
As tensions mounted in the Far East, Grand Duke Alexei has ordered the transfer of additional ships at Port Arthur, among including the battleship Petropavlovsk.
Academic From Russia, Alexei Nikolaevich Krylov naval engineer shows that, despite these achievements, there were serious shortcomings in the activity Grand Duke. There is no strategic planning and vessels were not built according to their expected role in the fleet. There were too many vessels of various types. The boats were designed primarily to copy those of foreign navies, and therefore technologically 67 years when they started. His armor and equipment was often insufficient.
The Grand Duke seems to have realized some of these gaps. Decided to have more battleships have designed a type and abroad to meet the needs Russian navy. However, if the Grand Duke was an admirer of the British Navy battleships are designed in France and had a bad design. The new class battleship Borodino had helmets tumblehome and unstable, with a high center of gravity. Disadvantages been fatal for the Russian navy.
With the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 first Russian Pacific Squadron was able to resist the Japanese attack during the Battle of the Yellow Sea. However, the fleet was destroyed during the Battle of Port Arthur and the Baltic fleet, sent as reinforcements was soundly defeated at the Battle of Tsushima. On June 2, 1905 operating system, the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was relieved of his command and retired.
Life in the Russian court
Alexis Alexandrovich Grand Duke and Duchess of Leuchtenburg
His critics talked of life Alexei "that includes "women and low-speed vessels," in reference to his womanizing and the defeat of the Russian army by the Japanese. This conclusion is not justified because despite all odds, their contribution to the modernization of the Russian Navy has been remarkable. Away from his office Alexei has devoted his time to the good things of life. Receive generous and collected in fine silver and other works of art to decorate his palace. Sometimes, he designed his own clothes. A womanizer, he spent his vacation Paris Biarritz, each time accompanied by a different lady.
Around the 1880s began a famous case Duchess of Leuchtenburg, the wife morganatic one of his cousins. Born Skobelyeva Zinaida "Zina" strike was a beautiful woman who had married with Eugeni Leuchtenberg as his second wife in 1870. Alexander II became Countess de Beauharnais and Alexander III at the Highness raised Sereno and Duchess of Leuchtenburg. The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was so enamored of her that has been open a case under her husband's roof and knowledge. Leuchtenburg Eugeni drank his fortune, and for years lived and the generosity of his cousin Zenaida. Even after the death of his wife in 1899, the Duke continued living under the roof of Alexis.
In addition to his military duties, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich also a former chairman of the Committee for the Promotion of Ballet Imperial.
In 1904, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was one of the sponsors of the Tsarevich Alexei, the sponsors are the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, King Edward VII of England, King Christian IX of Denmark, Grand Duke Ernest Louis of Hesse, Princess Victoria of Prussia, Grand Duchess Alexandra Iosifovna the Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich, Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna. In addition, all soldiers serving in the army during the Russo-Japanese sponsors have been reported to Alexei.
Death
After the murder of his brother Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia in February 1905 and retired in disgrace from the Navy in June of that year, Alexei Alexandrovich spent most of his time in a house he had bought in Paris in 1897. At home in the Avenue Gabriel, who kept the door open to writers, painters, actors and actresses in particular. He had always been less interested in the armed forces in art and fashion, and was widely recognized as an expert in life social, artistic and literary Paris. His body mass is a familiar sight in restaurants and theaters, especially on the first night. His last public appearance a week before his death, was the dress rehearsal of a new party in vaudeville. Decades of comfort and good living then ravaged the Grand Duke of health. He died of pneumonia in Paris on November 27 (November 14 OS) 1908. His death has devastated the Tsar Nicholas II, his nephew, who had said that his favorite uncle Alexei. In 2006, the magazine Grand Duke Alexis Alexandrovich was found in the National Library of Russia and Yusupov funds. The document, written in English, beginning in 1862 and ends in 1907. Has yet unpublished.
Popular culture
hunting in western Grand Duke referred to in the movie version of Maverick, with Mel Gibson. In the film, Duke was upset after being bored with the game, into thinking he killed an Indian.
He also described in the novel by Boris Akunin, "The coronation of the last of the Romanovs" (,) which is presented as the character Georgi Aleksandrovich.
In 1973, Lucky Luke comic book The Grand Duke Russia has a grand duke who visits the Wild West.
Notes
Abcd ^ .. – - () –
^ Jacques Ferrand – natural offspring of the Supreme and Grand Dukes of Russia 1762 1910, Paris, 1995
^ Jacques Ferrand – The families of the Russian Empire lncien charges, Paris, 1999
^ 1797 The fundamental laws of Tsar Paul I of Russia.
Ab ^ Stanislaw Duminique – The Romanovs and Democracy in San Marino
^ Slice question. Confirmation of the visit of the Grand Duke of New York Times, United States USA, June 30, 1871
^ Alexis Duque. His departure to the United States in August Fleet Kronstadt editing program probable. The New York Times, May 16, 1871
^ Preparations for U.S. Tour the Grand Duke. The New York Times June 19, 1871
Grand Duke Alexis ^. Out of His Imperial Highness Kronstadt. He has commanded a squadron of the Royal. The New York Times, August 21, 1871
^ Impose Receiving Plymouth Grand Duke Alexis. The English fleet offers imperial greeting. Day at the Casa de la Marina Real Club. The Duke Edinburgh received its first Royal. Preparations for the reception of London's Duke. The New York Times, September 18, 1871
^ Out of the Russian fleet in New York, New York Times, September 27, 1871
^ The Russian front. Alexis has not arrived yet. Dates of Madeira, the New York Times, October 29, 1871
^ Official Reception dating Prince Alexis. The New York Times, October 4, 1871
^ The reception of the Grand Duke Alexis. – The New York Times, April 27, 1871
^ Honors for Alexis. A warm Welcome to the Grand Duke of Russia. The New York Times, November 22, 1971
^ The Board of Directors of the Mary Powell. Reception of the Grand Duke by the new committee York Times November 21, 1871
^ By Mary Powell. The Grand Duke received the New York Times November 22, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Leaving New York for capital. A special train service during the visit. Enthusiastic reception by the people of Baltimore. Safe arrival of visitors to Washington. The New York Times November 23, 1871
^ De AB White House – real guest in 1908 entitled
^ The Grand Duke pays his respects to the President. – The New York Times, November 24, 1871
^ The city of Brooklyn.; Grand Naval Ball. Honors for Grand Duke Alexis in the Brooklyn Navy Yard, the New York Times, November 24, 1871
^ Check in this city. The Grand Duke arrived in this city program time set for the following week. The New York Times, November 25, 1871
^ The Grand Duke Visits federal military fortifications. . The New York Times, November 25 1871
^ A quiet Sunday by the Grand Duke and his party. The New York Times, November 27, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Their movements-The New York Times Sunday November 28 1871
Prince Alexis ^. Yesterday festivities in honor of Grand Duke. The New York Times, November 29, 1871
^ How Alexis went on a trip Buying The New York Times, November 30, 1871
Visit the Grand Duke ^. A trip to West Point, The New York Times December 2, 1871
^ The opera season New York Times, December 2, 1871
Grand Duke Alexis ^. How he spent his time yesterday and last night. Admiral Farragut Image Presentation The New York Times 03 December 1871
^ The Grand Duke: Philadelphia reception at The New York Times, December 5, 1871
^ Back to the Grand Duke the New York Times, December 6, 1871
^ Duke Alexis of Boston The New York Times, December 9, 1871
^ Alexis Visits Boston public schools, calls for statistics, reports and Regulation in the New York Times December 13, 1871
^ The Russian prince-How he spent his second day in Boston. Details on the ball at the New York Times, December 10, 1871
Fees ^ Ball Boston in honor of Grand Duke the New York Times, December 20, 1871
^ Telegraph Breviter The New York Times, December 15, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Breakfast with the Mayor of Montreal, the New York Times, December 16, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Breakfast with the Mayor of Montreal The New York Times, 16 Decembrie 1871
Part ^ Royal in Niagara Falls. Telegram from Queen Victoria of the New York Times December 25, 1871
Return of snow Canadian Grand Duke Alexis ^ Their movements futures New York Times, December 23, 1871
^ Progress West of Russia Grand Duke The New York Times, December 27, 1871
Chicago ^ The Grand Duke and The New Year New York Times, January 4, 1872
^ About the Carnival
Abcd ^ Norman E. Saul – Concord and conflict: the United States and Russia, 1867-1914. University of Kansas Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0700607549
^ The Grand Duke Alexis arrived in Omaha, The New York Times, January 13, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis hunt
^ Buffalo Hunt by Grand Duke the New York Times January 14, 1872
^ Ab John Day – hunting buffalo – Chapter 29 Red Devils
^ Grand Duke liked to visit Topeka – Topeka Capital-Journal on May 21, 2001
^ The Grand Duke Alexis
William F. ^ The Adventures of Cody Buffalo Bill Cosimo Classics, 2005 ISBN978-1596056275
^ Andreas History 'of Nebraska
Hunting buffalo in Nebraska ^ by the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia in 1872
^ When a Romanov was a huntin 'was Grand Duke Alexis of Russia to Kansas in 1872 to pursue the buffalo – by Bill Blankenship
^ Grand Duke Alexis Hunt
Ab ^ Walt Sehnert – The Grand Duke Alexis – McCook Gazette, Monday, December 31, 2007
^ The Grand Duke Alexis Rendezvous
^ Abc
^ Grand Duke Alexis. Redeeming Cincinnati complimentary character. The New York Times. January 29, 1872
^ The Grand Duke going to Louisville, Ky., the New York Times January 28, 1872
^ Grand Duke Alexis. The New York Times January 30, 1872
Movements of the Grand Duke Alexis ^ The New York Times. 02 February 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis was Vicksburg yesterday The New York Times February 11, 1872
^ Arrival of the Grand Duke at the Crescent City. The New York Times February 13 1872
Errol Laborde ^ – Mardi Gras .- Story 2: The first Bathurst
↑ History of Mardi Gras in New Orleans
^ Ned Hmard – New Orleans Nostalgia "Only stable master's daughter "
^ Rex King of Carnival
^ Renee Kutcher – Mardi Gras brotherhoods www.miniature.net
^ New Orleans know-It-All
^ Discovery American West
Arrival of Grand Duke Alexis Havana ^ The New York Times, March 1, 1872
Arrival of Grand Duke ^ Following State and restaurants in Havana. The New York Times March 1, 1872
^ Cuba: The progress of the war – The New York Times, March 3, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis in Havana arrival and reception of The New York Times, March 11, 1872
Alexis ^., The Grand Duke stay in Havana – The ball at the Palace – A Sunday Cock Fight – a trip to Matanzas – The Theatre – A week of festivities. La Bola de Palacio. Trip to Matanzas. In Theater. A bullfight. The Duke of departure. The New York Times, March 15, 1872
^ The Alexander Palace Time Machine
^ Brazil – The New York Times, July 23, 1872
^ Arrival of Grand Duke Alexis in Cape Town. – The New York Times, August 24, 1872
^ South Africa: The Visit of the Grand Duke Alexis ended in Cape Town – The New York Times, September 6, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis arrived in Hong Kong. -The New York Times, September 18, 1872
^ China: The movements of the Grand Duke Alexis. – The New York Times October 13, 1872
^ China: Times On-The Grand Duke Alexis of New York, November 16, 1872
^ Ab Council Imperial Russian State, 1902
^ Japan: Upon receipt of the Grand Duke Alexis – The New York Times, December 17, 1872
^ .. –
^ Ab
Alexei Palace ^ Alexandrovich Grand Duke
^ Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich
^ Pepsi Nunes Evolution of the Imperial Navy 1850-1917 Russian grand dukes and Review of Atlantis Vol.2, NR3 2001-4., 2002 Vol.3, No.1
^ ABC Fall Zeepvat Romanov, P. 150
Romanov autumn Zeepvat Abcd ^ P. 151
^ Russian Romanov
^ Van der ab Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959, p. 179
^ Journal of the Grand Duke Alexis Alexandrovich
References
Chavchavadze, David. The grand dukes. The Atlantic, 1989. ISBN 0938311115
Ferrand, Jacques, natural offspring of the Supreme and Grand Dukes of Russia, directory gnalogique 1762 1910: 1995.
Nunes, Pepsi, The Evolution of Imperial Russian Navy and Grand Dukes 18,501,917. Atlantis Magazine, Vol.2, 2001 Nr34., 2002 Vol.3, No.1
Van Der Kiste, John. The Romanov 18,181,959. Sutton Publishing, 1999. ISBN 0-7509-2275-3.
Zeepvat, Charlotte. Romanov autumn. Sutton Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-7509-2739-9
Ancestry
v, d, e
Ancestors of Alexei Alexandrovich Grand Duke of Russia

16. Pierre III of Russia

8. Paul I of Russia

17. Catherine II of Russia

4. Nicholas I of Russia

18. Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Wrttemberg

9. Sophie Dorothea Wrttemburg

19. Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt

2. Alexander II of Russia

20. Frederick William II of Prussia

10. Frederick William III of Prussia

21. Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt

5. Charlotte of Prussia

22. Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

11. Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

23. Luise Friederike Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt

1. Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia

24. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

12. Ludwig I of Hesse

25. Karoline of Zweibrcken

6. Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse

26. Georg Wilhelm of Hesse-Darmstadt

13. Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt

27. Leiningen-Heidesheim Louise

3. Marie of Hesse and the Rhine

28. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden

14. Charles Louis of Baden

29. Karoline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt

7. Wilhelmine of Baden

30. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

15. Amelia of Hesse-Darmstadt

31. Karoline of Zweibrcken

v, d, e
The Russian grand dukes
1st generation
Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich Paul Petrovich Alexander Petrovich Paul Petrovitch Peter Petrovich Looshin
2G
Pedro II
3G
Peter III
4th generation
Paul I
5th generation
Nicolás Pavlovich Alexander I Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich, Grand Duke Michael
6th generation
Alexander II, Grand Duke Nicholas Constantin Nicholaevich Nicholaevich Grand Duke Grand Duke Michael Nicholaevich
7th Generation
Tsarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Alexander III Alexandrovich Grand Duke Alexei Vladimir Nicholas Alexandrovich Grand Duke Sergei Konstantinovich Grand Duke Nicholas Alexandrovich Grand Duke Constantine Nicholaevich Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich Grand Duke Dmitri Mikhailovich Grand Duke Constantine, Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich Michael Mikhailovich Grand Duke Constantine, the Grand Duke Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich Jorge Nicholaevich great Pedro Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich, Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich Grand Duke Duke
Eighth Generation
Nicholas II Alexandrovich Grand George Boris Alexandrovich Duke Alexander Vladimirovich Grand Duke Alexander Vladimirovich Grand Duke Cyril Vladimirovich Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich Vladimirovich Grand Duke Duke Duke Constantine Andrew Constantine Grand Duke Jean Grand Duke * * Grand Duke Dimitri Pavlovich Gabriel
9th generation
Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
10th generation
Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich **
11th generation
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich **
* Born a Grand Duke, but stripped of his title by Alexander III ukase of 1886, which limits the style a little boy, in the male line of a Czar
** Title granted by Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia
Categories: Casa del Almirante | Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov Russia | Council Member State of the Russian royalty | Recipients of the Russian Empire | of the Order of St. Stanislas (Russia) | 1850 births | 1908 deaths recipients | Order of St. George recipients Class IV | Order of Saint Andrew the First CalledHidden categories: Articles with links needing disambiguation About the Author

I am a professional writer from China Crafts Suppliers, which contains a great deal of information about fake fendi bag , beaded evening clutch, welcome to visit!

Reagan Law, LLC – Kansas City, MO